AFTER SANDY: In the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, homeowners face the process of filing a claim with their insurer. There are many steps they can take to help smooth out the process.

DOCUMENTING DAMAGE: Photograph or take video of the damage right away. Don't make any permanent repairs before the insurance adjuster arrives.

THE SETTLEMENT: Be prepared to make a case for a bigger settlement if the insurance adjuster's offer is too low. Independent contractors can offer second opinions on repair costs. A public adjuster also can help with the process, for a percentage of the payout.