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Monday, March 1, 2004 - Page updated at 05:03 p.m. Carter Woodson February has for nearly 80 years been a time to recognize African-American history. It started in 1926, called "Negro History Week" by its creator, Carter Woodson (1875-1950)... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 01, 2004] Washington's first African-American settler George Washington Bush, 1790-1863 The first African American to settle in what is now Washington state, Bush migrated with his family on the Oregon Trail, eventually making a home... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 02, 2004] Marjorie Pitter King Daughter of Seattle pioneers Edward and Marjorie Pitter, Marjorie Pitter King became the first African-American woman to serve as a state legislator... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 03, 2004] Garrett Augustus Morgan 1877-1963 Morgan was an inventor and businessman from Kentucky who in 1914 created a gas inhalator called the Morgan safety hood and smoke protector. After Morgan and a team of volunteers... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 04, 2004] Henry Lewis 1932-1996 The first African-American conductor of a major symphony, Henry Lewis took the baton for the New Jersey Symphony in 1968. Four years later, in 1972, he was the first African American... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 05, 2004] George Carruthers Carruthers, 64, is a rocket astronomy research physicist who developed the first moon-based space observatory, an ultraviolet camera that was carried to the moon by Apollo 16 astronauts... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 06, 2004] NAACP The Seattle branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded in 1913, three years after the national organization was created in New... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 07, 2004] Aretha Franklin Born in Memphis in 1942 and a recording artist since age 14, Franklin was in 1968 the first black woman ever to be featured on the cover of Time magazine. — Leslie Fulbright ... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 08, 2004] Black Panther Party, Seattle chapter The most visible local representatives of the nationwide "Black Power" movement, the Seattle Black Panther Party was formed in April 1968 to oppose what members saw as police-initiated... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 09, 2004] Jan Matzeliger 1852-1889 Jan Matzeliger was born in Dutch Guiana and immigrated to the U.S. at age 18. He developed a machine that attached soles to shoes in one minute. It could make between 150 and... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 10, 2004] Horace Cayton 1859-1940 Journalist Horace Cayton worked for the Seattle Populist, the Seattle Post-Intelligencer and the Seattle Standard before founding the Seattle Republican in 1894... [04:55 P.M. Feb. 11, 2004] Alexa Canady Alexa Canady became the first black female neurosurgeon and at 36 was named chief of neurosurgery at Children's Hospital of Michigan. She was director of neurosurgery at Children's... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 12, 2004] Edwin Pratt Executive director of the Seattle Urban League, Edwin Pratt was assassinated on Jan. 26, 1969. He was struck by a shotgun blast as he stood in the doorway of his home in Shoreline... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 13, 2004] Madame C.J. Walker Born in 1867 to ex-slaves in Louisiana, Walker was orphaned at age 7, married at 14 and became a widow with a small child at 20. She went to St. Louis and for 20 years supported... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 14, 2004] Central Area Motivation Program Founded in 1964, the Central Area Motivation Program (CAMP) was one of Seattle's first anti-poverty agencies. CAMP's many programs include employment counseling; emergency food... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 15, 2004] Bessie Coleman 1892-1926 Bessie Coleman was born in Texas. During World War I, she read about the air war in Europe and became interested in flying. She had trouble getting into a flight school, both because... [04:59 P.M. Feb. 16, 2004] UW Black Student Union In January 1968, the University of Washington Afro-American Society changed its name to the Black Student Union (BSU). Among the BSU's founding members were Larry Gossett (current... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 17, 2004] Emmett Till While on vacation in Mississippi in 1955, 14-year-old Emmett Till allegedly whistled at a white woman who worked in a grocery store. The Chicago teen didn't know he had broken... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 18, 2004] William Grose During the 1890s, Seattle's wealthiest black resident was William Grose (sometimes spelled "Gross"). The 6-foot-4, 400-pound Grose arrived in Seattle sometime around 1860. He worked as a... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 19, 2004] George Grant Born in New York to former slaves, George Grant was in 1870 the first black graduate from Harvard Dental School, and became one of the first black dentists. Interested in the physics... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 20, 2004] 12th and Jackson From the 1920s to the 1960s, Seattle had a thriving nightclub district centered at 12th Avenue and Jackson Street. The king of the after-hours clubs was E. Russell "Noodles" Smith, who... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 21, 2004] Robert Johnson Robert Johnson, 57, was a cable-industry lobbyist until he took out a $15,000 personal loan in 1979 and started the first successful black-owned television network, BET. The network began broadcasting... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 22, 2004] York The first African American to come to the Pacific Northwest is thought to be York, the personal slave of William Clark, co-leader of the Lewis and Clark expedition of 1804-1806... [05:27 P.M. Feb. 23, 2004] 40 acres and a mule Reparations for African Americans were first proposed in 1865 by Gen. William Sherman. During the Civil War, Sherman met with 20 black leaders, and based on their input, issued... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 24, 2004] Sam Smith After serving five terms in the state Legislature (37th District), beginning with his election in 1958, Sam Smith became the first black member of the Seattle City Council in 1967... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 25, 2004] Juneteenth celebration June 19 is known as Juneteenth or African-American Emancipation Day and is the oldest known celebration of the end of slavery. Though President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 26, 2004] A. Philip Randolph In 1941, national activist A. Philip Randolph proposed a march on Washington, D. C., to protest discrimination in the defense industry. Six days before the march was to take place... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 27, 2004] John Thomas Gayton The son of former slaves, John Thomas Gayton came to Seattle as a servant in 1889. After a series of jobs (he was the first black steward at the Rainier Club), he was hired as... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 28, 2004] Bumps Blackwell Garfield High School alumnus Robert "Bumps" Blackwell led the Bumps Blackwell Junior Band here during the late 1940s. The band included several Garfield students... [12:00 A.M. Feb. 29, 2004] Sources: African Americans in the Northwest
· “Calabash: A Guide to the History, Culture, and Art of African Americans in Seattle and King County, Washington," Esther Hall Mumford (Ananse Press, 1993)
African Americans in the United States
· Black Inventors A-Z, http://inventors.about.com/library/blblackinventors.htm
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